IPMSM rotor position estimation based on pulsating high frequency square wave signal injection into stationary reference frame

Lingjun Meng; Shuying Yang; Zhen Xie; Qishuai Wang

IPMSM rotor position estimation based on pulsating high frequency square wave signal injection into stationary reference frame

Vol. 25, No. 7, pp. 1232-1244, Jul. 2025

10.1007/s43236-024-00971-6

Cross-saturation effect

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor

Position estimation

Pulsating high frequency square wave voltage injection

Voltage error

Abstract

Rotor position information of interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) is crucial when it comes to control performance. Position sensor increases the cost of the control system as well as its hardware complexity. Thus, position estimation has attracted a great deal of attention. High frequency injection-based estimation methods are often used at standstill and low speeds. Estimation methods that work by injecting the pulsating high frequency square wave voltage signal into the stationary reference frame are attractive due to their merits of simplicity and stability. However, the estimation accuracy is limited in practice, due to the negative effects of the voltage errors caused by inverter nonlinearity as well as those of the cross saturation of the machine itself. To enhance accuracy, a method that suppresses these effects is proposed in this paper. With the proposed method, the negative effects of inverter nonlinearity and cross saturation are overcome. Consequently, the harmonics in the estimation are removed. Besides, the method used for compensating the position deviation due to the cross-saturation effects is a general method. Thus, calibration processes dedicated to a specific machine are not required in this method. Experiments on an 18-kW test bench verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

L. Meng, S. Yang, Z. Xie, Q. Wang, "IPMSM rotor position estimation based on pulsating high frequency square wave signal injection into stationary reference frame," Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 1232-1244, 2025. DOI: 10.1007/s43236-024-00971-6.

[ACM Style]

Lingjun Meng, Shuying Yang, Zhen Xie, and Qishuai Wang. 2025. IPMSM rotor position estimation based on pulsating high frequency square wave signal injection into stationary reference frame. Journal of Power Electronics, 25, 7, (2025), 1232-1244. DOI: 10.1007/s43236-024-00971-6.