Hybrid charge control‑based natural voltage sharing method for input series output parallel resonant converters

Lu Qu; He Liu

Hybrid charge control‑based natural voltage sharing method for input series output parallel resonant converters

Lu Qu

He Liu

Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 1-12, Jan. 2026

10.1007/s43236-025-01065-7

Input series output parallel

Master–slave structure

LLC resonant converter

Hybrid charge control mode

Abstract

To address the issue of LLC resonant converters not being able to operate evenly and stably when combined and connected as modules for wide-range, single-stage operation, this study proposes a voltage sharing control method for an input series output parallel (ISOP) connection system, employing an LLC converter as the basic module. The hybrid charge-based control applied in the proposed method enhances the dynamic output response of the ISOP system. The method features a master–slave structure; a hybrid charge control is applied to the master module, which calculates the frequency provided to all slave modules. The ISOP system inherently maintains balance among modules without the need for a dedicated control loop for sharing. Steady-state and dynamic mathematical models of the ISOP system, which describe the voltage sharing mechanism of the resonant converter after combination, are derived. A prototype comprising LLC half-bridge modules is constructed in the laboratory, and experimental results are obtained to verify the system’s steady-state and dynamic performance. The research results hold significant importance for advancing the application of LLC topologies in combination techniques.

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Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

L. Qu and H. Liu, "Hybrid charge control‑based natural voltage sharing method for input series output parallel resonant converters," Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 1-12, 2026. DOI: 10.1007/s43236-025-01065-7.

[ACM Style]

Lu Qu and He Liu. 2026. Hybrid charge control‑based natural voltage sharing method for input series output parallel resonant converters. Journal of Power Electronics, 26, 1, (2026), 1-12. DOI: 10.1007/s43236-025-01065-7.