Hierarchical Control Scheme for Three-Port Multidirectional DC-DC Converters in Bipolar DC Microgrids

In this paper, a hierarchical control strategy is introduced to control a new three-port multidirectional DC-DC converter for integrating an energy storage system (ESS) to a bipolar DC microgrid (BPDCMG). The proposed converter provides a voltage-balancing function for the BPDCMG and adjusts the states of charge (SoC) of the ESS. Previous studies tend to balance the voltage of the BPDCMG buses with active sources or by transferring power from one bus to another. Furthermore, the batteries available in BPDCMGs were charged equally by both buses. However, this power sharing method does not guarantee efficient operation of the whole system. In order to achieve a higher efficiency and lower energy losses, a triple-layer hierarchical control strategy, including a primary droop controller, a secondary voltage restoration controller and a tertiary optimization controller are proposed. Thanks to the multi-functional operation of the proposed converter, its conversion stages are reduced. Furthermore, the efficiency and weight of the system are both improved. Therefore, this converter has a significant capability to be used in portable BPDCMGs such as electric DC ships. The converter modes are analyzed and small-signal models of the converter are extracted. Comprehensive simulation studies are carried out and a BPDCMG laboratory setup is implemented in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed converter and its hierarchical control strategy. Simulation and experimental results show that using the proposed converter mitigates voltage imbalances. As a result, the system efficiency is improved by using the hierarchical optimal power flow control.

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Cite this article

[IEEE Style]

T. Ahmadi, M. Hamzeh, E. Rokrok, "Hierarchical Control Scheme for Three-Port Multidirectional DC-DC Converters in Bipolar DC Microgrids," Journal of Power Electronics, vol. 18, no. 5, pp. 1595-1607, 2018. DOI: 10.6113/JPE.2018.18.5.1595.

[ACM Style]

Taha Ahmadi, Mohsen Hamzeh, and Esmaeel Rokrok. 2018. Hierarchical Control Scheme for Three-Port Multidirectional DC-DC Converters in Bipolar DC Microgrids. Journal of Power Electronics, 18, 5, (2018), 1595-1607. DOI: 10.6113/JPE.2018.18.5.1595.